[pve-devel] [PATCH qemu-server v7 2/3] config: QEMU AMD SEV enable

[Thomas Lamprecht]

Am 22/04/2024 um 14:16 schrieb Markus Frank:
> This patch is for enabling AMD SEV (Secure Encrypted
> Virtualization) support in QEMU

try to keep a somewhat unified line length over the whole commit message,
most editors support re-flowing (parts of the) text to e.g. the for
commit messages commonly used 70 or 72 text width.

> 
> VM-Config-Examples:
> amd_sev: type=std,nodbg=1,noks=1
> amd_sev: es,nodbg=1,kernel-hashes=1
> 
> Node-Config-Example (gets generated automatically):
> amd_sev: cbitpos=47,reduced-phys-bios=1
> 
> kernel-hashes, reduced-phys-bios & cbitpos correspond to the varibles

typo: variables

> with the same name in qemu.
> 
> kernel-hashes=1 adds kernel-hashes to enable measured linux kernel
> launch since it is per default off for backward compatibility.
> 
> reduced-phys-bios and cbitpos are system specific and are read out by
> the amd-sev-support.service on boot and saved to the /run/amd-sev-params
> file. This file is parsed and than used by qemu-server to correctly
> start a AMD SEV VM.
> 
> type=std stands for standard sev to differentiate it from sev-es (es)
> or sev-snp (snp) when support is upstream.
> 
> QEMU's sev-guest policy gets calculated with the parameters nodbg & noks
> These parameters correspond to policy-bits 0 & 1.
> If type is 'es' than policy-bit 2 gets set to 1 to activate SEV-ES.
> Policy bit 3 (nosend) is always set to 1, because migration
> features for sev are not upstream yet and are attackable.
> 
> SEV-ES is highly experimental since it could not be tested.
> 
> see coherent doc patch
> 
> Signed-off-by: Markus Frank <m.frank at proxmox.com>
> ---
> v7:
> * adjustments for the changes made in the query-machine-params C program
> 
> v6:
> * rebase on master
> * removed unused $sev_node_fmt object
> 
> v5:
> * parse /run/amd-sev-params for hardware parameters
> * removed NodeConfig dependency
> * only disallow live-migration and snapshots with vmstate
>   -> allow offline migration and snapshots without vmstate
> 
> v4:
> * reduced lines of code
> * added text that SEV-ES is experimental
> 
>  PVE/API2/Qemu.pm   | 10 ++++++
>  PVE/QemuMigrate.pm |  4 +++
>  PVE/QemuServer.pm  | 83 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  3 files changed, 97 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/PVE/API2/Qemu.pm b/PVE/API2/Qemu.pm
> index 2a349c8..2e8d654 100644
> --- a/PVE/API2/Qemu.pm
> +++ b/PVE/API2/Qemu.pm
> @@ -4512,6 +4512,10 @@ __PACKAGE__->register_method({
>  	    push $local_resources->@*, "clipboard=vnc";
>  	}
>  > +	if ($res->{running} && $vmconf->{amd_sev}) {

a comment might be good here

> +	    push $local_resources->@*, "amd_sev";
> +	}
> +
>  	# if vm is not running, return target nodes where local storage/mapped devices are available
>  	# for offline migration
>  	if (!$res->{running}) {
> @@ -5192,6 +5196,12 @@ __PACKAGE__->register_method({
>  	die "unable to use snapshot name 'pending' (reserved name)\n"
>  	    if lc($snapname) eq 'pending';
>  
> +	my $conf = PVE::QemuConfig->load_config($vmid);
> +	if ($param->{vmstate} && $conf->{amd_sev}) {
> +	    die "Snapshots that include memory are not supported while memory"
> +		." is encrypted by AMD SEV.\n"
> +	}
> +
>  	my $realcmd = sub {
>  	    PVE::Cluster::log_msg('info', $authuser, "snapshot VM $vmid: $snapname");
>  	    PVE::QemuConfig->snapshot_create($vmid, $snapname, $param->{vmstate},
> diff --git a/PVE/QemuMigrate.pm b/PVE/QemuMigrate.pm
> index 8d9b35a..7db18b2 100644
> --- a/PVE/QemuMigrate.pm
> +++ b/PVE/QemuMigrate.pm
> @@ -260,6 +260,10 @@ sub prepare {
>  	die "VMs with 'clipboard' set to 'vnc' are not live migratable!\n";
>      }
>  
> +    if ($running && $conf->{'amd_sev'}) {
> +	die "VMs with AMD SEV are not live migratable!\n";

cannot live-migrate VM when AMD SEV is enabled.

> +    }
> +
>      my $vollist = PVE::QemuServer::get_vm_volumes($conf);
>  
>      my $storages = {};
> diff --git a/PVE/QemuServer.pm b/PVE/QemuServer.pm
> index 28e630d..b03f1b4 100644
> --- a/PVE/QemuServer.pm
> +++ b/PVE/QemuServer.pm
> @@ -177,6 +177,40 @@ my $agent_fmt = {
>      },
>  };
>  
> +my $sev_fmt = {
> +    type => {
> +	description => "Enable standard SEV with type='std' or enable experimental SEV-ES"
> +	." with the 'es' option.",
> +	type => 'string',
> +	default_key => 1,
> +	format_description => "qemu-sev-type",
> +	enum => ['std', 'es'],
> +	maxLength => 3,
> +    },
> +    nodbg => {

'no-debug' would be more telling

> +	description => "Sets policy bit 0 to 1 to disallow debugging of guest",
> +	type => 'boolean',
> +	format_description => "qemu-sev-nodbg",

do we need a format description for a boolean

> +	default => 0,
> +	optional => 1,
> +    },
> +    noks => {

'no-key-sharing' would be also more telling

> +	description => "Sets policy bit 1 to 1 to disallow key sharing with other guests",
> +	type => 'boolean',
> +	format_description => "qemu-sev-noks",

do we need a format description for a boolean

> +	default => 0,
> +	optional => 1,
> +    },
> +    "kernel-hashes" => {
> +	description => "Add kernel hashes to guest firmware for measured linux kernel launch",
> +	type => 'boolean',
> +	format_description => "qemu-sev-kernel-hashes",
> +	default => 0,
> +	optional => 1,
> +    },
> +};
> +PVE::JSONSchema::register_format('pve-qemu-sev-fmt', $sev_fmt);
> +
>  my $vga_fmt = {
>      type => {
>  	description => "Select the VGA type.",
> @@ -358,6 +392,12 @@ my $confdesc = {
>  	description => "Memory properties.",
>  	format => $PVE::QemuServer::Memory::memory_fmt
>      },
> +    amd_sev => {
> +	description => "Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV) features by AMD CPUs",
> +	optional => 1,
> +	format => 'pve-qemu-sev-fmt',
> +	type => 'string',
> +    },
>      balloon => {
>  	optional => 1,
>  	type => 'integer',
> @@ -4091,6 +4131,39 @@ sub config_to_command {
>  	}
>      }
>  
> +    if ($conf->{amd_sev}) {
> +	if ($conf->{bios} && $conf->{bios} ne 'ovmf') {
> +	    die "For using SEV you need to change your guest bios to ovmf.\n";
> +	}
> +
> +	my $amd_sev_conf = parse_property_string($sev_fmt, $conf->{amd_sev});
> +	my $sev_hw_params = get_hw_parameters()->{'amd-sev'};
> +
> +	if (!$sev_hw_params->{'sev-support'}) {
> +	    die "Your CPU does not support AMD SEV!\n";
> +	}
> +	if ($amd_sev_conf->{type} eq 'es' && !$sev_hw_params->{'sev-support-es'}) {
> +	    die "Your CPU does not support AMD SEV-ES!\n";
> +	}
> +
> +	my $sev_mem_object = 'sev-guest,id=sev0'
> +	    .',cbitpos='.$sev_hw_params->{cbitpos}
> +	    .',reduced-phys-bits='.$sev_hw_params->{'reduced-phys-bits'};
> +
> +	my $policy = 0b0;
> +	$policy += 0b1 if ($amd_sev_conf->{nodbg});
> +	$policy += 0b10 if ($amd_sev_conf->{noks});
> +	$policy += 0b100 if ($amd_sev_conf->{type} eq 'es');
> +	# disable migration with bit 3 nosend to prevent amd-sev-migration-attack
> +	$policy += 0b1000;
> +
> +	$sev_mem_object .= ',policy='.sprintf("%#x", $policy);
> +	$sev_mem_object .= ',kernel-hashes=on' if ($amd_sev_conf->{'kernel-hashes'});
> +
> +	push @$devices, '-object' , $sev_mem_object;
> +	push @$machineFlags, 'confidential-guest-support=sev0';
> +    }
> +
>      push @$cmd, @$devices;
>      push @$cmd, '-rtc', join(',', @$rtcFlags) if scalar(@$rtcFlags);
>      push @$cmd, '-machine', join(',', @$machineFlags) if scalar(@$machineFlags);
> @@ -4134,6 +4207,16 @@ sub check_rng_source {
>      }
>  }
>  
> +sub get_hw_parameters {
> +    # Get reduced-phys-bits & cbitpos from /run/qemu-server/hw-params.json
> +    my $filename = '/run/qemu-server/hw-params.json';

I'd not use params, as parameters are normally something one can change in software,
(i.e. without buying a different CPU, and FW updates are a grey area ^^)

"host-hw-capabilities.json" might be better here

> +    open my $fh, '<', $filename or die "Could not open '$filename' for reading: $!";
> +    my $json_text = do { local $/; <$fh> };
> +    close $fh;
> +    my $hw_params = JSON->new->decode($json_text);
> +    return $hw_params;
> +}
> +
>  sub spice_port {
>      my ($vmid) = @_;
>