Proxmox ISCSI installation

Introduction

iSCSI is a protocol that can communicate SCSI's commands over the network. The main advantage is that you don't need any hard drives for getting a fully functional server. This can be also realized by using a real Fiber Channel SAN, but it's a lot more expensive. A diskless server will boot over the network, acquiring its disk image from the SAN. Today, a lot of systems support iSCSI but they don't really support iSCSI install and boot (only VMWare supports that). However, you can making this work on some Linux systems using a few tricks explained here.

What do you need?

• A functional iSCSI target (OpenFiler can be a good solution)
• Your diskless server must support iSCSI boot (if not, you can use iPXE for that)
• A DHCP server for network booting

You can find some tutorials about iPXE (formerly gPXE) on the gPXE wiki.

Here we go!

• Install a clean Debian on a physical machine or into a VM. Using a VM is not a problem because we only need this for formating and installing another Debian on the iSCSI target.

• Install open-iscsi

apt install open-iscsi

This utility manages to attach an iSCSI target to the session.

• Attach the iSCSI target

iscsiadm --mode node --targetname <IQN> -p <IP> --login

You should now see your iSCSI target into /dev/sdX.

Example

iscsiadm --mode node --targetname iqn.2006-01.openfiler.com:tsn.dcb5e30d5a -p 188.102.200.254 --login

• Create all partitions you need for your future Debian installation (you can use gpart for example).

NOTE

The first partition must begin at the 2048 sector !!! If don't, you will not be able to install Grub on the iSCSI target!

• Create a dir under /mnt (for example /mnt/debian) for mounting

• Mount the iSCSI target's main partition on this dir

mount /dev/sdX1 /mnt/debian

• Install debootstrap

apt install debootstrap

This utility manages to install a light debian install by using deb packages in the target.

• Install debian squeeze on /mnt/debian by using debootstrap

debootstrap squeeze /mnt/debian http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian

You can also install another debian like lenny, but squeeze supports iSCSI better (you need to do more tricks on Lenny for having a functional iSCSI boot). This can take some time (depending on your connection).

You should now have a right lightweight Squeeze install on the main partition

• Mount this system's dirs - this is necessary for preparing the new squeeze installation for iSCSI booting.

mount -o bind /dev /mnt/debian/dev
mount -o bind /sys /mnt/debian/sys
mount -o bind /proc /mnt/debian/proc

• Use now this Debian by using chroot (by a sn user who can change the root dir by another dir).

chroot /mnt/debian

You are now logged on to your new system

• Install Grub

apt install grub

It should install Grub into the MBR of your iSCSI target. If not, you can use grub-install /dev/sdX

• Add the Proxmox repository and update

echo "deb http://download.proxmox.com/debian lenny pve" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
wget -O- "http://download.proxmox.com/debian/key.asc" | apt-key add -
apt update

• Add the loopback interface (if not, you will not be able to use nfs-common which is needed by the pve-manager). For this, edit:

nano /etc/network/interfaces

and append this to it:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

• Install the proxmox kernel and headers

apt install pve-kernel pve-headers

This action should update grub automatically.

• Install open-iscsi for making this installation fully supports iSCSI

apt install open-iscsi

• Use open-iscsi to manage iBFT information (iBFT are information made by iSCSI boot firmware like iPXE for the system)

echo "ISCSI_AUTO=true" > /etc/iscsi/iscsi.initramfs

By using this, you don't have to use the iSCSI IQN and the iSCSI Target's IP to access the system; only iSCSI boot firmware needs this.

• Install initramfs-tools and update initramfs

apt install initramfs-tools
update-initramfs -u

• Create a root password

passwd

Your new Debian system should now boot over iSCSI! Once booted you can install Proxmox by simply using:

apt install proxmox-ve ntp ssh lvm2