Proxmox VE Kernel: Difference between revisions

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=Introduction=
== Introduction ==
Proxmox publishes three kernel branches, each one with minor feature differences. Beginning with 1.5 the 2.6.18 is the default and recommended branch. (Proxmox VE 0.9 beta till Proxmox 1.4 used 2.6.24).
Kernel versions in use in various Proxmox VE versions are listed here.


A Proxmox VE cluster master can manage a mixed kernel setup. For example, you can run two nodes with 2.6.18 and two nodes with 2.6.32 and also nodes with 2.6.24. Depending on the features, some migrations are only possible between identical kernels.
== Linux Kernel ==
The Linux kernel is a Unix-like operating system kernel. Released under the GNU General Public License version 2 (GPLv2) and developed by contributors worldwide, Linux is one of the most prominent examples of free software.


All three kernel branches are using [[DRBD]] 8.3.4.
== Proxmox VE 8.x ==
The stable 8.x release uses currently the 6.2 kernel since Proxmox VE 8.0. The 6.2 kernel is derived from Ubuntu 23.04.


For correctly effecting a kernel change, it may be necessary to '''edit''' the '''/etc/fstab''' file for the '''/boot''' mount.
Proxmox VE 8.1 (2023/Q4) will be based on the 6.5 kernel, derived from Ubuntu 23.10.


=Kernel 2.6.18=
== Proxmox VE 7.x ==
*Stable OpenVZ
The old stable 7.x release uses currently the 5.15 LTS kernel since Proxmox VE 7.2.
*Stable KVM (Note: no scsi emulation for guests, only IDE and VIRTIO)
This kernel is derived from Ubuntu 22.04, as default.


==How to install 2.6.18==
The 6.2 based LTS kernel, derived from the (upcoming) Ubuntu 23.04 downstream repository, is provided as opt-in.
<pre>aptitude update
aptitude safe-upgrade
aptitude install proxmox-ve-2.6.18</pre>


To make sure that you boot into the new kernel, check /boot/grub/menu.lst. Now reboot and check if the system is running the right kernel.
== Proxmox VE 6.x ==
The EOL 6.x release uses latest Ubuntu 20.04 based kernel. The first stable 6.0 release is based on 5.0 Linux kernel (Ubuntu 19.10).


=Kernel 2.6.24=
Since Proxmox VE 6.2 it is based on the 5.4 LTS Linux Kernel (using the Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Focal Kernel as a base).
*OpenVZ
*KVM


==How to install 2.6.24==
== Proxmox VE 5.x ==
<pre>apt-get update
The EOL 5.x release used latest Ubuntu 18.04 based kernel. The first stable 5.0 release is based on 4.13 Linux kernel (Ubuntu 17.10 Artful).
apt-get upgrade
apt-get install proxmox-ve-2.6.24</pre>


To make sure that you boot into the new kernel, check /boot/grub/menu.lst. Now reboot and check if the system is running the right kernel.
Since Proxmox VE 5.2 it is based on the 4.15 LTS Linux Kernel (using the Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Bionic Kernel as a base).
The 4.13 received some updates after adoption of 4.15 as initially some hardware issues (NIC, SCSI) arose - those should be fixed by now, and we heavily suggest switching over to the 4.15 kernel by installing the pve-kernel-4.15 meta package - it includes, among other fixes, important security enhancements.


=Kernel 2.6.32=
== Proxmox VE 4.x ==
*Latest KVM with [[KSM]] (shares identical memory pages, especially useful when running multiple guests from the same or similar base operating system image. Because memory is shared, the combined memory usage of the guests is reduced)
The EOL 4.x release used latest Ubuntu 16.04 based kernel. The first 4.0 release was based on 4.2 Linux kernel.
* This kernel has currently no OpenVZ support (but should be available later this year)
==How to install 2.6.32==
<pre>apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
apt-get install proxmox-ve-2.6.32</pre>


To make sure that you boot into the new kernel, check /boot/grub/menu.lst. Now reboot and check if the system is running the right kernel.
Since Proxmox VE 4.2 it is based on the 4.4 LTS Linux Kernel (using the Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Xenial Kernel as a base).


== Proxmox VE 3.x ==


[[Category: HOWTO]][[Category: Technology]][[Category: Installation]]
The EOL Proxmox VE 3.x supported two kernel branches. Support for 3.x will end in April 2016.
 
A Proxmox VE cluster can manage a mixed kernel setup. Depending on the features, some migrations are only possible between identical kernels or identical KVM versions.
 
=== Kernel 3.10 ===
* Latest KVM
* NO OpenVZ support
* LXC supported
* based on RHEL7x
* Default Kernel for 4.x
 
=== Kernel 2.6.32 ===
* Latest KVM
* Stable OpenVZ
* based on RHEL6x now
* Default Kernel for 3.x and lower
 
[[Category: HOWTO]] [[Category: Installation]]

Latest revision as of 09:12, 12 July 2023

Introduction

Kernel versions in use in various Proxmox VE versions are listed here.

Linux Kernel

The Linux kernel is a Unix-like operating system kernel. Released under the GNU General Public License version 2 (GPLv2) and developed by contributors worldwide, Linux is one of the most prominent examples of free software.

Proxmox VE 8.x

The stable 8.x release uses currently the 6.2 kernel since Proxmox VE 8.0. The 6.2 kernel is derived from Ubuntu 23.04.

Proxmox VE 8.1 (2023/Q4) will be based on the 6.5 kernel, derived from Ubuntu 23.10.

Proxmox VE 7.x

The old stable 7.x release uses currently the 5.15 LTS kernel since Proxmox VE 7.2. This kernel is derived from Ubuntu 22.04, as default.

The 6.2 based LTS kernel, derived from the (upcoming) Ubuntu 23.04 downstream repository, is provided as opt-in.

Proxmox VE 6.x

The EOL 6.x release uses latest Ubuntu 20.04 based kernel. The first stable 6.0 release is based on 5.0 Linux kernel (Ubuntu 19.10).

Since Proxmox VE 6.2 it is based on the 5.4 LTS Linux Kernel (using the Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Focal Kernel as a base).

Proxmox VE 5.x

The EOL 5.x release used latest Ubuntu 18.04 based kernel. The first stable 5.0 release is based on 4.13 Linux kernel (Ubuntu 17.10 Artful).

Since Proxmox VE 5.2 it is based on the 4.15 LTS Linux Kernel (using the Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Bionic Kernel as a base). The 4.13 received some updates after adoption of 4.15 as initially some hardware issues (NIC, SCSI) arose - those should be fixed by now, and we heavily suggest switching over to the 4.15 kernel by installing the pve-kernel-4.15 meta package - it includes, among other fixes, important security enhancements.

Proxmox VE 4.x

The EOL 4.x release used latest Ubuntu 16.04 based kernel. The first 4.0 release was based on 4.2 Linux kernel.

Since Proxmox VE 4.2 it is based on the 4.4 LTS Linux Kernel (using the Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Xenial Kernel as a base).

Proxmox VE 3.x

The EOL Proxmox VE 3.x supported two kernel branches. Support for 3.x will end in April 2016.

A Proxmox VE cluster can manage a mixed kernel setup. Depending on the features, some migrations are only possible between identical kernels or identical KVM versions.

Kernel 3.10

  • Latest KVM
  • NO OpenVZ support
  • LXC supported
  • based on RHEL7x
  • Default Kernel for 4.x

Kernel 2.6.32

  • Latest KVM
  • Stable OpenVZ
  • based on RHEL6x now
  • Default Kernel for 3.x and lower
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