Passthrough Physical Disk to Virtual Machine (VM): Difference between revisions
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By adding the raw physical device to the Virtual machine, you can test installers and other disk repair tools that work with disk controllers like ddrescue | By adding the raw physical device to the Virtual machine, you can test installers and other disk repair tools that work with disk controllers like <code>ddrescue</code>, Clonezilla or Ubuntu Rescue Remix. | ||
'''NOTE''': This guide is meant for QEMU/KVM based Virtual Machines, '''not''' for Container. For the latter see https://forum.proxmox.com/threads/container-with-physical-disk.42280/#post-203292 | |||
As the disk is attached to the physical and virtual host, this will also prevent Virtual Machine live migration. A second side effect is host system IO wait, when running ddrescue, other VM's running on the host can stutter. | |||
= Attach Pass Through Disk = | = Attach Pass Through Disk = | ||
== Identify Disk == | == Identify Disk == | ||
Before adding a physical disk to host make note of vendor, serial so that you'll know which disk to share in /dev/disk/by-id/ | Before adding a physical disk to host make note of vendor, serial so that you'll know which disk to share in /dev/disk/by-id/ | ||
lshw on | === lshw === | ||
lshw is not installed by default on Proxmox VE (see <code>lsblk</code> for that below), you can install it by executing <code>apt install lshw</code> | |||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
lshw -class disk -class storage | lshw -class disk -class storage | ||
| Line 29: | Line 30: | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
Note that device names like <code>/dev/sdc</code> should never be used, as this can change between reboots. | |||
Use the stable <code>/dev/disk/by-id</code> paths instead. | |||
Check by listing all of that directory then look for the disk added by matching serial number from lshw and the physical disk: | |||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3000DM001-1CH166_Z1F41BLC | ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3000DM001-1CH166_Z1F41BLC | ||
| Line 39: | Line 42: | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
== List disk by-id with lsblk == | === List disk by-id with lsblk === | ||
lsblk is installed | |||
The <code>lsblk</code> is pre-installed, you can print and map the serial and WWN identifiers of attached disks using the following two commands: | |||
lsblk -o +MODEL,SERIAL,WWN | |||
ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/ | |||
You can also use an extended one liner to get the path directly: | |||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
| Line 58: | Line 66: | ||
[https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/387855/make-lsblk-list-devices-by-id make-lsblk-list-devices-by-id] | [https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/387855/make-lsblk-list-devices-by-id make-lsblk-list-devices-by-id] | ||
== Short List == | === Short List === | ||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
find /dev/disk/by-id/ -type l|xargs -I{} ls -l {}|grep -v -E '[0-9]$' |sort -k11|cut -d' ' -f9,10,11 | find /dev/disk/by-id/ -type l|xargs -I{} ls -l {}|grep -v -E '[0-9]$' |sort -k11|cut -d' ' -f9,10,11,12 | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
| Line 73: | Line 81: | ||
== Update Configuration == | == Update Configuration == | ||
=== Hot-Plug/Add physical device as new virtual SCSI disk === | |||
<pre> | |||
qm set 592 -scsi2 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3000DM001-1CH166_Z1F41BLC | |||
</pre> | |||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
update VM 592: -scsi2 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3000DM001-1CH166_Z1F41BLC | |||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
=== Hot-Unplug/Remove virtual disk === | |||
<pre> | |||
qm unlink 592 --idlist scsi2 | |||
</pre> | |||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
update VM 592: -scsi2 | update VM 592: -delete scsi2 | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
| Line 105: | Line 121: | ||
# Foremost | # Foremost | ||
# Parted Magic | # Parted Magic | ||
# SpinRite - Low Cost Commercial - Smartctl tutoral | # SpinRite - Low Cost Commercial - Smartctl tutoral for Proxmox VE planned | ||
Latest revision as of 23:32, 6 December 2022
By adding the raw physical device to the Virtual machine, you can test installers and other disk repair tools that work with disk controllers like ddrescue, Clonezilla or Ubuntu Rescue Remix.
NOTE: This guide is meant for QEMU/KVM based Virtual Machines, not for Container. For the latter see https://forum.proxmox.com/threads/container-with-physical-disk.42280/#post-203292
As the disk is attached to the physical and virtual host, this will also prevent Virtual Machine live migration. A second side effect is host system IO wait, when running ddrescue, other VM's running on the host can stutter.
Attach Pass Through Disk
Identify Disk
Before adding a physical disk to host make note of vendor, serial so that you'll know which disk to share in /dev/disk/by-id/
lshw
lshw is not installed by default on Proxmox VE (see lsblk for that below), you can install it by executing apt install lshw
lshw -class disk -class storage
...
*-disk
description: ATA Disk
product: ST3000DM001-1CH1
vendor: Seagate
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@3:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/sda
version: CC27
serial: Z1F41BLC
size: 2794GiB (3TB)
configuration: ansiversion=5 sectorsize=4096
...
Note that device names like /dev/sdc should never be used, as this can change between reboots.
Use the stable /dev/disk/by-id paths instead.
Check by listing all of that directory then look for the disk added by matching serial number from lshw and the physical disk:
ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3000DM001-1CH166_Z1F41BLC lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Jan 21 10:10 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3000DM001-1CH166_Z1F41BLC -> ../../sda
or try
ls -l /dev/disk/by-id | grep Z1F41BLC
List disk by-id with lsblk
The lsblk is pre-installed, you can print and map the serial and WWN identifiers of attached disks using the following two commands:
lsblk -o +MODEL,SERIAL,WWN ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/
You can also use an extended one liner to get the path directly:
lsblk |awk 'NR==1{print $0" DEVICE-ID(S)"}NR>1{dev=$1;printf $0" ";system("find /dev/disk/by-id -lname \"*"dev"\" -printf \" %p\"");print "";}'|grep -v -E 'part|lvm'
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT DEVICE-ID(S) sda 8:0 0 7.3T 0 disk /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x5000c500c35cd719 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST8000DM004-2CX188_ZCT1DNY1 sdb 8:16 1 29G 0 disk /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_STORAGE_DEVICE-0:0 sdc 8:32 0 931.5G 0 disk /dev/disk/by-id/usb-JMicron_Generic_0123456789ABCDEF-0:0 sdd 8:48 0 1.8T 0 disk /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x5000c500661eeebd /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST2000DX001-1CM164_Z1E783H2
Short List
find /dev/disk/by-id/ -type l|xargs -I{} ls -l {}|grep -v -E '[0-9]$' |sort -k11|cut -d' ' -f9,10,11,12
/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST8000DM004-2CX188_ZCT1DNY1 -> ../../sda /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x5000c500c35cd719 -> ../../sda /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_STORAGE_DEVICE-0:0 -> ../../sdb /dev/disk/by-id/usb-JMicron_Generic_0123456789ABCDEF-0:0 -> ../../sdc /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST2000DX001-1CM164_Z1E783H2 -> ../../sdd /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x5000c500661eeebd -> ../../sdd
Update Configuration
Hot-Plug/Add physical device as new virtual SCSI disk
qm set 592 -scsi2 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3000DM001-1CH166_Z1F41BLC
update VM 592: -scsi2 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3000DM001-1CH166_Z1F41BLC
Hot-Unplug/Remove virtual disk
qm unlink 592 --idlist scsi2
update VM 592: -delete scsi2
Check Configuration File
grep Z1F41BLC /etc/pve/qemu-server/592.conf
scsi2: /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3000DM001-1CH166_Z1F41BLC,size=2930266584K
Stop and Restart KVM Virtual Machine
You may need to configure the guest operating system now that the disk is available.
Tutorial
Disk Recovery Tools
- Ubuntu Rescue Remix - how to use Ubuntu Rescue Remix and Ddrescue
- ddrescue
- gnu ddrescue
- Clonezilla
- TestDisk
- PhotoRec
- Recuva
- Foremost
- Parted Magic
- SpinRite - Low Cost Commercial - Smartctl tutoral for Proxmox VE planned