Unattended installation of Proxmox

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What is Remote unattended installation?
Remote unattended installation means installation of remote server without any human interference. This process is very useful for bare metal provisioning, automated installation on multiple servers, etc.

What is Proxmox?
Proxmox is debian based OS, which provides Virtualization Platform like VMware. https://www.proxmox.com/en/

What is FAI?
FAI is a non-interactive system to install, customize and manage Linux systems and software configurations on computers as well as virtual machines and chroot environments, from small networks to large-scale infrastructures like clusters and cloud environments. It's a tool for unattended mass deployment of Linux.

"FAI-Fully Automatic Installation" is used to automate headless installation of Proxmox or Debian. http://fai-project.org/

In this example Bare Metal Provisioning of Proxmox OS is shwon. We can do with any other Linux as well.

Components:

fai-server
DHCP server
NFS Server
TFTP Server

Basic Process:

- Client machine (On which Proxmox is going to be installed.) boots from Network PXE.
- It searches for DHCP Server.
- DHCP Server on FAIserver provides Network Details to Client such as IP address, Netmask, Gateway, etc. It also points clients to TFTP & NFS server.
- TFTP trasfers the kernel to Client Machine
- NFS Server Mounts the nfsroot on Client machine
- FAI Scripts starts the installation

Important Configurations files and folders of FAI:

/etc/fai/- FAI configuration folder /etc/fai/fai.conf - FAI configuration file /etc/fai/nfsroot.conf - NFSroot configuration file /etc/fai/apt/ - FAI repositories which will be used while installation

/srv/fai/config/ - FAI Client configuration space. It has scripts which will be used 

                                               while installation of Client

/srv/fai/package_config/ - Configurations related to Package installation /srv/fai/disk_config/ - Configurations related to disk partition layout /srv/fai/scripts - Miscellaneous scripts required for installations

/srv/fai/nfsroot - NFS Root file system which will be shared by NFS and will be 

                                                  mounted as Root filesystem on client machine

/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf - DHCP configuration file /etc/exports - NFS configuration file /etc/default/tftpd-hpa - TFTP configuration file /etc/hosts - Hosts declaration file / File DNS


Scenario: Server Name: faiserver - 192.168.0.1 Client Name: demohost - 192.168.0.2


Steps: Prepare FAI-Server: 1. Install Debian Wheezy with net-install ISO. Just install OpenSSH server nothing else on it. 2. Install Required Applications

apt-get -y install apache2 fai-quickstart fai-doc fai-server isc-dhcp-server \ tftpd-hpa nfs-kernel-server syslinux-common

Create Local Debian Mirror: ln -s /files/scratch/debmirror /var/www/debmirror /usr/share/doc/fai-doc/examples/utils/mkdebmirror /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Configure /etc/hosts Add below entries: 192.168.0.1 faiserver 192.168.0.2 demohost

Configure /etc/fai/fai.conf

SERVER=192.168.0.1 FAI_CONFIG_SRC=nfs://$SERVER/srv/fai/config

  1. Account for saving log files and calling fai-chboot.

LOGUSER=fai FAI_LOGPROTO=ssh

Configure /etc/fai/nfsroot.conf FAI_DEBOOTSTRAP="wheezy http://http.debian.net/debian" FAI_ROOTPW='$1$kBnWcO.E$djxB128U7dMkrltJHPf6d1'

NFSROOT=/srv/fai/nfsroot TFTPROOT=/srv/tftp/fai NFSROOT_HOOKS=/etc/fai/nfsroot-hooks/ FAI_DEBOOTSTRAP_OPTS="--exclude=info"

  1. Configuration space

FAI_CONFIGDIR=/srv/fai/config


Configure /etc/fai/apt/sources.list Add below entries:

http://192.168.0.1/debmirror/debian wheezy main contrib non-free http://192.168.0.1/debmirror/debian-security wheezy/updates main contrib non-free

  1. PVE repository provided by proxmox.com, only for installation (this repo will stay on 3.1)

deb http://download.proxmox.com/debian wheezy pve

  1. security updates

deb http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main contrib


Prepare faiDO droplet costs: Run fai-setup $ fai-setup -v


Configure /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf Note down MAC address of NIC of the client machine. 

    deny unknown-clients;
    option dhcp-max-message-size 2048; 
    use-host-decl-names on;
    
    subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
   option routers 192.168.0.1;
   option domain-name "<domainName>";
   option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;
   option time-servers 192.168.0.1;
   option ntp-servers 192.168.0.1;
   server-name faiserver;
   next-server faiserver;
   filename "pxelinux.0";
    }

    host demohost {hardware ethernet <MAC Address>;fixed-address 192.168.0.2;}

Restart Dhcp server /etc/init.d/dhcpd restart

Configure /etc/exports for NFS share fai-setup command will add required entries in /etc/exports. Still you need to do some modifications so please make sure it should look like as below: 

    /srv/fai/config 192.168.0.0/24(async,ro,no_root_squash)
  /srv/fai/nfsroot 192.168.0.0/24(async,ro,no_root_squash)

    Restart NFS service
    $ /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart

Configure TFTP Server Config file /etc/default/tftpd-hpa should look like below. TFTP_USERNAME="tftp" TFTP_DIRECTORY="/srv/tftp/fai" TFTP_ADDRESS="0.0.0.0:69" TFTP_OPTIONS="--secure"

Restart tftpd service /etc/init.d/tftpd-hpa restart

Copy Sample configs

cp -a /usr/share/doc/fai-doc/examples/simple/* /srv/fai/config

Change ownership of /srv/fai/config

chown -R fai /srv/fai/config

Disk Partition layout - Remove all files from /srv/fai/config/disk_config - Create new file name DEFAULT under /srv/fai/config/disk_config/ - Add below entries in it: 

        disk_config disk1 disklabel:msdos
    primary / 90% ext4 rw
    primary swap 10% swap sw

Package installation config - Make sure your /srv/fai/config/package_config/DEFAULT look like below: 

    PACKAGES aptitude
    initramfs-tools
    grub-pc
    pve-firmware
    pve-kernel-2.6.32-26-pve
    pve-headers-2.6.32-26-pve

    # explicitely delete these bootloaders
    # (just in case the base tgz contains them)
    PACKAGES aptitude
    grub-legacy-
    lilo-
    linux-image-amd64
    linux-base


Modifying /srv/fai/config/scripts/DEBIAN/40-misc - Add below entries in /srv/fai/config/scripts/DEBIAN/40-misc before "exit $error" line

          1. Add entry to /etc/hosts of host #####

echo -e "192.168.0.2 demohost pvelocalhost" >> $target/etc/hosts

          1. Add entries for /bin/proxmox_install.sh ######
          2. This script install proxmox after first reboot #####

echo -e '#!/bin/bash' > $target/bin/proxmox_install.sh

echo -e 'echo -e "Installing Proxmox" > /root/pminstall.log' >> $target/bin/proxmox_install.sh

echo -e 'export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive' >> $target/bin/proxmox_install.sh

echo -e 'apt-get --force-yes -y install proxmox-ve-2.6.32 ntp ssh lvm2 postfix ksm-control-daemon vzprocps open-iscsi bootlogd' >> $target/bin/proxmox_install.sh

echo -e 'cat /dev/null > /etc/rc.local' >> $target/bin/proxmox_install.sh

chmod 777 $target/bin/proxmox_install.sh chmod 777 $target/etc/rc.local

          1. Change Default kernel for Boot #####

sed -i 's/set default="0"/set default="2"/g' $target/boot/grub/grub.cfg sed -i 's/GRUB_DEFAULT=0/GRUB_DEFAULT=2/g' $target/etc/default/grub

                                  1. END #################

Copy fai.conf inside nfsroot cp /etc/fai/fai.conf /srv/fai/nfsroot/etc/fai/

Make sure /srv/fai/nfsroot/etc/fai.conf have below entry: 192.168.0.1 faiserver


Initialize Bootloader config for demohost (client) chboot -IB demohost

Above command will create config file under /srv/tftp/fai/pxelinux.cfg/ File Name will be something like: C0A87A64 Just edit that file and make sure it should look like below:

default fai-generated label fai-generated kernel vmlinuz-3.2.0-4-amd64 append initrd=initrd.img-3.2.0-4-amd64 ip=dhcp root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=192.168.0.1:/srv/fai/nfsroot:vers=3 aufs FAI_FLAGS=verbose,sshd,reboot FAI_ACTION=install


Now reboot client machine from Network PXE boot. It will get automatically Proxmox installed.

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