High Availability Cluster 4.x

Note: Most information was moved to our reference documentation, see High Availability.

Introduction

Proxmox VE High Availability Cluster (Proxmox VE HA Cluster) enables the definition of high available virtual machines. In simple words, if a virtual machine (VM) is configured as HA and the physical host fails, the VM is automatically restarted on one of the remaining Proxmox VE Cluster nodes.

The Proxmox VE HA Cluster is based on the Proxmox VE HA Manager (pve-ha-manager) - using watchdog fencing. Major benefit of Linux softdog or hardware watchdog is zero configuration - it just works out of the box.

In order to learn more about functionality of the new Proxmox VE HA manager, install the HA simulator.

For a more up to date documentation see High Availability

HA Simulator

HA Simulator in Action

By using the HA simulator you can test and learn all functionalities of the Proxmox VE HA solutions.

The simulator allows you to watch and test the behaviour of a real-world 3 node cluster with 6 VM's.

You do not have to setup or configure a real cluster, the HA simulator runs out of the box on the current code base.

Install with apt:

apt-get install pve-ha-simulator

To start the simulator you must have a X11 redirection to your current system.

If you are on a Linux machine you can use:

ssh root@<IPofPVE4> -Y

On Windows it is working with mobaxterm.

After starting the simulator create a working directory:

mkdir working

To start the simulator type

pve-ha-simulator working/

Hardware Watchdogs

if no hardware watchdog is defined, proxmox is loading the softdog module, which emulate the /dev/watchdog device.

To enable a hardware watchdog, you need to specify the module to load

/etc/default/pve-ha-manager
WATCHDOG_MODULE=mywatchdogmodule

also, please disable nmi watchdog, which is embedeed in cpu apic.

edit: /etc/default/grub

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet nmi_watchdog=0"

the

# update-grub

iTCO Watchdog (module "iTCO_wdt")

This is an hardware watchdog, available in almost all intels motherboard (ich chipset) since 15 years.

IPMI Watchdog (module "ipmi_watchdog")

For IPMI Watchdogs you may have to set the action, else it may not do anything when it triggers.

For this purpose edit the /etc/modprobe.d/ipmi_watchdog.conf (simple create the file):

options ipmi_watchdog action=power_cycle panic_wdt_timeout=10

NOTE: reboot or reload ipmi_watchdog module to take the changes in effect.

Dell IDrac (module "ipmi_watchdog")

For Dell IDrac, please desactivate the Automated System Recovery Agent in IDrac configuration.

If openmanage is installed, you need to disable watchdog management from openmanage

/opt/dell/srvadmin/sbin/dcecfg command=removepopalias aliasname=dcifru

and reboot server

After restart, check that watchdog timer is 10s, and not overrided by openmanage

idracadm getsysinfo -w

Watchdog Information:
Recovery Action         = Power Cycle
Present countdown value = 9 seconds
Initial countdown value = 10 seconds

or

# ipmitool mc watchdog get
Watchdog Timer Use:     SMS/OS (0x44)
Watchdog Timer Is:      Started/Running
Watchdog Timer Actions: Hard Reset (0x01)
Pre-timeout interval:   0 seconds
Timer Expiration Flags: 0x00
Initial Countdown:      10 sec
Present Countdown:      9 sec

HP ILO (module "hpwdt" )

Users have reported crash with this module, please test and update the wiki if it's working fine

also, disable HP ASR feature (Automatic Server Recovery).

http://h17007.www1.hp.com/docs/iss/proliant_uefi/s_asr_status.html

If you have installed hp management tools, you need to disable "hp-asrd" daemon

Troubleshooting

Error recovery

If a service start fails we try to recover from it with our "restart" and "relocate" policy, see the man page of the ha-manager for more information.

If after all tries the service state could not be recovered it gets placed in an error state. In this state the service won't get touched by the HA stack anymore. To recover from this state you should follow these steps:

• bring the resource back into an safe and consistent state (e.g: killing its process)
• disable the ha resource to place it in an stopped state
• fix the error which led to this failures
• after you fixed all errors you may enable the service again

Note: when a Service fails to stop it also get's placed in the error state, you may follow the same steps to recover from it.

Failed watchdog-mux or Multiple Watchdogs

Disable all BIOS watchdog functionality, those settings setup the watchdog in the expectancy that the OS resets it, that is not our desired use case here and may lead to problems - e.g.: reset of the node after a fixed amount of time.

Intel AMT (OS Health Watchdog) should be disabled and with it the mei and mei_me modules, as they may cause problems.

If you host has multiple watchdogs available, only allow the one you want to use for HA, i.e. blacklist the other modules from loading. Our watchdog multiplexer will use /dev/watchdog which maps to /dev/watchdog0.

Selecting a specific watchdog is not implemented, mainly for this quote from the linux-watchdog mailing list:[1]

The watchdog device node <-> driver mapping is fragile and
can change from one kernel version to the next or even across reboot, so
users shouldn't assume it to be persistent.

Deleting Nodes From The Cluster

When deleting a node from a HA cluster you have to ensure the following:

• all HA services were relocate to another node! A graceful shutdown will NOT auto migrate them.
• Remove the node from all defined groups.
• Shutdown the node you want to remove, from now on this node MUST NOT come online in the same network again, without being reinstalled/cleared of all cluster traces.
• execute `pvecm delnode nodename` from an remaining node.

The HA stack now places the node in an 'gone' state, you still see it in the manager status. After an hour in this state it will be auto deleted. This ensures that if the node died ungracefully the services still will be fenced and migrated to another node.

Durations

Note that some HA actions may take their time, and don't happen instantly. This avoids out of control feedback loops, and ensures that the HA stack is in a safe and consistent state all the time.

Container

Note that while containers may be put under HA, currently (PVE 4.1) they don't support live migration. So all migrate actions on them will be mapped to relocate (stop, move, start). If a node fails recovery works after the failed node was fenced, as long as you don't use local bound resources.

Video Tutorials

Proxmox VE Youtube channel

Testing

Before going into production it is highly recommended to do as many tests as possible. Then, do some more.

Useful command line tools

Here is a list of useful CLI tools:

• ha-manger - to manage the ha stack of the cluster
• pvecm - to manage the cluster-manager
• corosync* - to manipulate the corosync