Prepare Installation Media: Difference between revisions

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== Introduction ==
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The installation media is now a hybrid ISO image, working in two ways:
{{#pvedocs:pve-installation-media-plain.html}}
*An ISO image file ready to burn on CD
[[Category:Reference Documentation]]
*A raw sector (IMG) image file ready to directly dd to flash media (USB Stick)
<pvehide>
 
Download the installer ISO image from: https://www.proxmox.com/en/downloads/category/iso-images-pve
Using USB sticks is faster and more environmental friendly and therefore the recommended way to install Proxmox VE.
The Proxmox VE installation media is a hybrid ISO image. It works in two ways:
 
An ISO image file ready to burn to a CD or DVD.
== Write the ISO image to USB ==
A raw sector (IMG) image file ready to copy to a USB flash drive (USB stick).
In order to boot the installation media you need to copy the ISO image to your USB media. You need at least a 512 mb USB stick.
Using a USB flash drive to install Proxmox VE is the recommended way because it is
 
the faster option.
[[File:Proxmox usb install.jpg|thumb]]
Prepare a USB Flash Drive as Installation Medium
 
The flash drive needs to have at least 1 GB of storage available.
=== Instructions for Windows ===
Do not use UNetbootin. It does not work with the Proxmox VE installation image.
*Make sure that your USB media is not mounted and does not contain any data.
Make sure that the USB flash drive is not mounted and does not
*Download [http://www.osforensics.com/tools/write-usb-images.html OSForsenics USB installer]
contain any important data.
*Burning the image to your USB media
Instructions for GNU/Linux
 
On Unix-like operating system use the dd command to copy the ISO image to the
'''Note''':
USB flash drive. First find the correct device name of the USB flash drive (see
*Using UNetbootin or Rufus does not work.
below). Then run the dd command.
*If you use [https://github.com/downloads/openSUSE/kiwi/ImageWriter.exe SUSE Studio ImageWriter], you must run ImageWriter as admin. and you need to rename it first, just rename the downloaded file from proxmox-ve_4.*.iso to proxmox-ve_4.-*.raw.
# dd bs=1M conv=fdatasync if=./proxmox-ve_*.iso of=/dev/XYZ
 
Be sure to replace /dev/XYZ with the correct device name and adapt the
=== Instructions for GNU/Linux ===
input filename (if) path.
You can simply use dd on unix like systems. First download the ISO image, then plug in the USB stick (you need to find out what device name gets assigned to the USB stick. You can compare the last lines of 'dmesg' command before and after the insertion, or use the 'lsblk' command and identify using the size if unique).
Be very careful, and do not overwrite the wrong disk!
 
Find the Correct USB Device Name
dd if=pve-cd.iso of=/dev/XYZ bs=1M
There are two ways to find out the name of the USB flash drive. The first one is
 
to compare the last lines of the dmesg command output before and after
Be sure to replace /dev/XYZ with the correct device name (be careful, and do not overwrite your hard disk!)
plugging in the flash drive. The second way is to compare the output of the
 
lsblk command. Open a terminal and run:
=== Instructions for OS X ===
# lsblk
OS X can use dd as the unix systems, but first requires the ISO image to be converted before it can be copied over to the USB stick. First you will need to download the ISO image, then plug in the USB Stick. To get the device name by running 'diskutil list'. This command will output all the disk attached to the system, you should be able to match up the USB stick to the specs and name of one listed. To get the raw device, you can add an 'r' in front of the name, ex. /dev/disk4 would become /dev/rdisk4. Next you will an to open Disk Utility and eject each partition only (If you eject from Finder or the Desktop it will eject the entire disk, removing it completely from the system). Now we can convert the ISO and copy the new image over with. Note hdiutil will commonly add the .dmg extension to the output file, so you will end up pve-cd.img.dmg
Then plug in your USB flash drive and run the command again:
# lsblk
A new device will appear. This is the one you want to use. To be on the extra
safe side check if the reported size matches your USB flash drive.
Instructions for macOS
Open the terminal (query Terminal in Spotlight).
Convert the .iso file to .img using the convert option of hdiutil for example.
# hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o proxmox-ve_*.dmg proxmox-ve_*.iso
macOS tends to automatically add .dmg to the output file name.
To get the current list of devices run the command:
# diskutil list
Now insert the USB flash drive and run this command again to determine which
device node has been assigned to it. (e.g., /dev/diskX).
# diskutil list
# diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskX
replace X with the disk number from the last command.
# sudo dd if=proxmox-ve_*.dmg of=/dev/rdiskX bs=1m
rdiskX, instead of diskX, in the last command is intended. It will
increase the write speed.
Instructions for Windows
Using Etcher
Etcher works out of the box. Download Etcher from https://etcher.io. It will
guide you through the process of selecting the ISO and your USB Drive.
Using Rufus
Rufus is a more lightweight alternative, but you need to use the DD mode to
make it work. Download Rufus from https://rufus.ie/. Either install it or use
the portable version. Select the destination drive and the Proxmox VE ISO file.
Once you Start you have to click No on the dialog asking to
download a different version of GRUB. In the next dialog select the DD mode.
Boot your Server from the USB Flash Drive
Connect the USB flash drive to your server and make sure that booting from USB
is enabled (check your servers firmware settings). Then follow the steps in the
installation wizard.
</pvehide>
<!--PVE_IMPORT_END_MARKER-->


  hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o pve-cd.img pve-cd.iso
  sudo dd if=pve-cd.img.dmg of=/dev/rXYZ
Be sure to replace /dev/XYZ with the correct device name (be careful, and do not overwrite your hard disk!)
== Boot your server from USB media ==
Connect your USB media to your server and make sure that the server boots from USB - and follow the installation wizard.
== External resources ==
* [http://en.opensuse.org/SDB:Live_USB_stick SUSE Live USB stick]


[[Category: HOWTO]]
[[Category: HOWTO]]
[[Category:Reference Documentation]]

Revision as of 08:51, 12 May 2020

The Proxmox VE installation media is a hybrid ISO image. It works in two ways:

  • An ISO image file ready to burn to a CD or DVD.

  • A raw sector (IMG) image file ready to copy to a USB flash drive (USB stick).

Using a USB flash drive to install Proxmox VE is the recommended way because it is the faster option.

Prepare a USB Flash Drive as Installation Medium

The flash drive needs to have at least 1 GB of storage available.

Note Do not use UNetbootin. It does not work with the Proxmox VE installation image.
Important Make sure that the USB flash drive is not mounted and does not contain any important data.

Instructions for GNU/Linux

On Unix-like operating system use the dd command to copy the ISO image to the USB flash drive. First find the correct device name of the USB flash drive (see below). Then run the dd command.

# dd bs=1M conv=fdatasync if=./proxmox-ve_*.iso of=/dev/XYZ
Note Be sure to replace /dev/XYZ with the correct device name and adapt the input filename (if) path.
Caution Be very careful, and do not overwrite the wrong disk!

Find the Correct USB Device Name

There are two ways to find out the name of the USB flash drive. The first one is to compare the last lines of the dmesg command output before and after plugging in the flash drive. The second way is to compare the output of the lsblk command. Open a terminal and run:

# lsblk

Then plug in your USB flash drive and run the command again:

# lsblk

A new device will appear. This is the one you want to use. To be on the extra safe side check if the reported size matches your USB flash drive.

Instructions for macOS

Open the terminal (query Terminal in Spotlight).

Convert the .iso file to .dmg format using the convert option of hdiutil, for example:

# hdiutil convert proxmox-ve_*.iso -format UDRW -o proxmox-ve_*.dmg
Tip macOS tends to automatically add .dmg to the output file name.

To get the current list of devices run the command:

# diskutil list

Now insert the USB flash drive and run this command again to determine which device node has been assigned to it. (e.g., /dev/diskX).

# diskutil list
# diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskX
Note replace X with the disk number from the last command. 
# sudo dd if=proxmox-ve_*.dmg bs=1M of=/dev/rdiskX
Note rdiskX, instead of diskX, in the last command is intended. It will increase the write speed.

Instructions for Windows

Using Etcher

Etcher works out of the box. Download Etcher from https://etcher.io. It will guide you through the process of selecting the ISO and your USB flash drive.

Using Rufus

Rufus is a more lightweight alternative, but you need to use the DD mode to make it work. Download Rufus from https://rufus.ie/. Either install it or use the portable version. Select the destination drive and the Proxmox VE ISO file.

Important Once you Start you have to click No on the dialog asking to download a different version of GRUB. In the next dialog select the DD mode.

Boot your Server from the USB Flash Drive

Connect the USB flash drive to your server and make sure that booting from USB is enabled (check your servers firmware settings). Then follow the steps in the installation wizard.

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