Windows VirtIO Drivers: Difference between revisions
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==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
VirtIO Drivers are paravirtualized drivers for [[KVM|kvm]]/Linux (see http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/Virtio). | VirtIO Drivers are paravirtualized drivers for [[KVM|kvm]]/Linux (see http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/Virtio). In short, they enable direct (paravirtualized) access to devices and peripherals for virtual machines using them, instead of slower, emulated, ones. <br> | ||
A quite extended explanation about VirtIO drivers can be found here http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-virtio. | |||
At the moment these kind of devices are supported: | |||
* block (disks drives), see [[Paravirtualized Block Drivers for Windows]] | |||
* network (ethernet cards), see [[Paravirtualized Network Drivers for Windows|Paravirtualized Network Drivers for Windows]] | |||
* balloon (dynamic memory management), see [[Dynamic Memory Management]] | |||
You can maximize performances by using VirtIO drivers. The availability and status of the VirtIO drivers depends on the guest OS and platform. | |||
== Windows OS Support == | |||
Windows does not have native support for VirtIO devices included. | |||
But, there is excellent external support through opensource drivers, which are available compiled and signed for Windows: | |||
https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/archive-virtio/?C=M;O=D | |||
Note that this repository provides not only the most recent, but also many older versions. | |||
Those older versions can still be useful when a Windows VM shows instability or incompatibility with a newer driver version. | |||
The binary drivers are digitally signed by Red Hat, and will work on 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Windows | |||
== Installation == | |||
=== Using the ISO === | |||
see [[ | You can [https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/stable-virtio/virtio-win.iso download the latest stable] or you can [https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/latest-virtio/virtio-win.iso download the most recent] build of the ISO. | ||
Normally the drivers are pretty stable, so one should try out the most recent release first. | |||
You can access the ISO in a VM by mounting the ISO with a virtual CD-ROM/DVD drive on that VM. | |||
==== Wizard Installation ==== | |||
[[File:Win10-virtio-driver-wizard.png|Wizard Installation|thumb|right]] | |||
You can use an easy wizard to install all, or a selection, of VirtIO drivers. | |||
# Open the Windows Explorer and navigate to the CD-ROM drive. | |||
# Simply execute (double-click on) '''virtio-win-gt-x64''' | |||
# Follow its instructions. | |||
# (Optional) use the '''virtio-win-guest-tools''' wizard to install the [[Qemu-guest-agent|QEMU Guest Agent]] and the [[SPICE]] agent for an improved remote-viewer experience. | |||
# Reboot VM | |||
==== Manual Installation ==== | |||
# Open the Windows Explorer and navigate to the CD-ROM drive. | |||
#: There you can see that the ISO consists of several directories, each having sub-directories for supported OS version (for example, 2k19, 2k12R2, w7, w8.1, w10, ...). | |||
#* Balloon | |||
#* guest-agent | |||
#* NetKVM | |||
#* qxl | |||
#* vioscsi | |||
#* ... | |||
#: [[File:Win10-virtio-driver-manual.png|Manual Installation|thumb|right]] | |||
# Navigate to the desired driver directories and respective Windows Version | |||
# Right-click on the file with type "Setup Information" | |||
# A context menu opens, select "Install" here. | |||
# Repeat that process for all desired drivers | |||
# Reboot VM. | |||
=== Downloading the Wizard in the VM === | |||
You can also just [https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/latest-virtio/ download the most recent] virtio-win-gt-x64.msi or virtio-win-gt-x86.msi from inside the VM, if you have already network access. | |||
Then just execute it and follow the installation process. | |||
== Troubleshooting == | |||
Try an older version of the drivers first, if that does not help ask in one of our support channels: | |||
https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Get_support | |||
== Further Reading == | |||
https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/creating-windows-virtual-machines-using-virtio-drivers/index.html | |||
http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/WindowsGuestDrivers | |||
The source code of those drivers can be found here: https://github.com/virtio-win/kvm-guest-drivers-windows | |||
http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/WindowsGuestDrivers/Download_Drivers | |||
= See also = | |||
* [[Paravirtualized Block Drivers for Windows]] | |||
* [[Paravirtualized Network Drivers for Windows]] | |||
* [[Dynamic Memory Management]] | |||
[[Category: HOWTO]] | |||
[[Category: Qemu/KVM]] | |||
Latest revision as of 11:19, 28 August 2023
Introduction
VirtIO Drivers are paravirtualized drivers for kvm/Linux (see http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/Virtio). In short, they enable direct (paravirtualized) access to devices and peripherals for virtual machines using them, instead of slower, emulated, ones.
A quite extended explanation about VirtIO drivers can be found here http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-virtio.
At the moment these kind of devices are supported:
- block (disks drives), see Paravirtualized Block Drivers for Windows
- network (ethernet cards), see Paravirtualized Network Drivers for Windows
- balloon (dynamic memory management), see Dynamic Memory Management
You can maximize performances by using VirtIO drivers. The availability and status of the VirtIO drivers depends on the guest OS and platform.
Windows OS Support
Windows does not have native support for VirtIO devices included. But, there is excellent external support through opensource drivers, which are available compiled and signed for Windows:
https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/archive-virtio/?C=M;O=D
Note that this repository provides not only the most recent, but also many older versions. Those older versions can still be useful when a Windows VM shows instability or incompatibility with a newer driver version.
The binary drivers are digitally signed by Red Hat, and will work on 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Windows
Installation
Using the ISO
You can download the latest stable or you can download the most recent build of the ISO. Normally the drivers are pretty stable, so one should try out the most recent release first.
You can access the ISO in a VM by mounting the ISO with a virtual CD-ROM/DVD drive on that VM.
Wizard Installation
You can use an easy wizard to install all, or a selection, of VirtIO drivers.
- Open the Windows Explorer and navigate to the CD-ROM drive.
- Simply execute (double-click on) virtio-win-gt-x64
- Follow its instructions.
- (Optional) use the virtio-win-guest-tools wizard to install the QEMU Guest Agent and the SPICE agent for an improved remote-viewer experience.
- Reboot VM
Manual Installation
- Open the Windows Explorer and navigate to the CD-ROM drive.
- There you can see that the ISO consists of several directories, each having sub-directories for supported OS version (for example, 2k19, 2k12R2, w7, w8.1, w10, ...).
- Balloon
- guest-agent
- NetKVM
- qxl
- vioscsi
- ...
- Navigate to the desired driver directories and respective Windows Version
- Right-click on the file with type "Setup Information"
- A context menu opens, select "Install" here.
- Repeat that process for all desired drivers
- Reboot VM.
Downloading the Wizard in the VM
You can also just download the most recent virtio-win-gt-x64.msi or virtio-win-gt-x86.msi from inside the VM, if you have already network access.
Then just execute it and follow the installation process.
Troubleshooting
Try an older version of the drivers first, if that does not help ask in one of our support channels: https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Get_support
Further Reading
http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/WindowsGuestDrivers
The source code of those drivers can be found here: https://github.com/virtio-win/kvm-guest-drivers-windows
http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/WindowsGuestDrivers/Download_Drivers